Hot melt adhesive distribution system

ABSTRACT

A distribution system for storing and conveying a supply of material is described. The distribution system includes a bin for storing and conveying a supply of material. The bin includes a housing defining an internal chamber configured to receive the material, at least one outlet configured to direct the material from the bin, a plate defining a lower end of the internal chamber and supporting and directing the material to the at least one outlet, an agitation device attached to the plate, and a gasket disposed between the plate and the housing.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/524,452, filed Jul. 29, 2019, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent App. No. 62/712,362, filed Jul. 31, 2018, and U.S. Provisional Patent App. No. 62/821,930, filed Mar. 21, 2019, the entire disclosures of all of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth in their entirety herein.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This application is directed to a device for holding and supplying a material to one or more melters. Specifically, this application relates to a device having a conveyor for selectively transferring an amount of material from a hopper to a distribution bin that includes at least one outlet.

BACKGROUND

Typical material application systems for applying material to a substrate include a storage device that holds a supply of the material, as well as a pneumatic pump for transferring the material to one or more melters. However, in dispensing operations that utilize hot melt adhesives, the hot melt adhesive is often manually loaded into the melters or is transported through hoses or pipes in a molten state. This is because agitating non-melted hot melt adhesive in a storage container using vibratory forces and presenting the hot melt adhesive to a pneumatic pump for air conveyance in a solid state can be difficult, as the inherent physical properties of certain hot melt adhesive can cause the adhesive to absorb some or all of the vibratory forces, which diminishes their ability to be fluidized. As a result, these hot melt adhesive are more prone to being presented to the pneumatic pump in clumps, which can cause the hot melt adhesive to become lodged in various aspects of a conveying system. This can lead to a significant decrease in pumping effectiveness and even failure of a pneumatic conveying system altogether. Should the hot melt adhesive be presented to the pneumatic pump in a sufficiently fluidized form, pneumatic transfer of the material will generally occur without issue.

As a result, there is a need for a distribution system having a mechanism for fluidizing material such as hot melt adhesive prior to transfer using a pneumatic pump.

SUMMARY

An embodiment of the present disclosure is a distribution system for storing and conveying a supply of material. The distribution system includes a hopper defining a cavity for storing the supply of material, the hopper having an upper end and a lower end opposite the upper end along a vertical direction. The distribution system also includes a conveyor positioned at the lower end of the hopper, where a portion of the conveyor is configured to rotate about an axis that is perpendicular to the vertical direction so as to selectively transfer a quantity of the material from the hopper. The distribution system also includes a distribution bin attached to the lower end of the hopper and configured to receive the material from the hopper, the distribution bin having at least one outlet configured to direct the material from the distribution bin.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a distribution system for storing and conveying a supply of material. The distribution system can include a hopper defining a cavity for storing the supply of material, the hopper having an upper end and a lower end opposite the upper end along a vertical direction, as well as a conveyor positioned at the lower end of the hopper, wherein the conveyor is configured to selectively transfer a quantity of the material from the hopper. The distribution system can also include a distribution bin comprising a housing defining an internal chamber configured to receive the material from the hopper, at least one outlet configured to direct the material from the distribution bin, a plate defining a lower end of the internal chamber and configured to support the material, where the plate defines at least one passage extending therethrough, and a manifold positioned below the plate, wherein the manifold is configured to direct pressurized air through the at least one passage so as to move the material within the internal chamber.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description, will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. The drawings show illustrative embodiments of the disclosure. It should be understood, however, that the application is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.

FIG. 1A is a schematic view of an application system 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 1B is a schematic view of an application system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 1C is a schematic view of an application system according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a distribution system of the application system shown in FIG. 1A;

FIG. 3 is an alternative perspective view of the distribution system shown in FIG. 1A;

FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of a vacuum unit of the distribution system shown in FIG. 2, taken along line 4-4 shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an upper cross-sectional view of the distribution system shown in FIG. 2, taken along line 5-5 shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view of the distribution system shown in FIG. 2, taken along line 6-6 shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged portion of the cross-sectional view of the distribution system shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8A is a perspective view of a roller of the distribution system shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 8B is an alternative perspective view of the roller shown in FIG. 8A;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged side view of a first rotation mechanism of the distribution system shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged side view of a second rotation mechanism of the distribution system shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged rear view of a lower portion of the distribution system shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 12 is a side cross-sectional view of the distribution system shown in FIG. 2; taken along line 12-12 shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged portion of the cross-sectional view of the distribution system shown in FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a rear cross-sectional view of the distribution system shown in FIG. 2, taken along line 14-14 shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 15 is an upper cross-sectional view of the distribution system shown in FIG. 2, taken along line 15-15 shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a distribution system of the application system shown in FIG. 1A according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a distribution system of the application system shown in FIG. 1A according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 18 is a top perspective view of a distribution system of the application system shown in FIG. 1A according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a booster bin of the application system shown in FIG. 1C;

FIG. 20 is an alternative perspective view of a booster bin of the application system shown in FIG. 1C;

FIG. 21 is a side cross-sectional view of a vacuum unit of the booster bin shown in FIG. 19, taken along line 21-21 shown in FIG. 20

FIG. 22 is an upper cross-sectional view of the booster bin shown in FIG. 19, taken along line 22-22 shown in FIG. 20;

FIG. 23 is a side cross-sectional view of the booster bin shown in FIG. 19, taken along line 23-23 shown in FIG. 20;

FIG. 24 is an enlarged rear view of a lower portion of the booster bin shown in FIG. 19;

FIG. 25 is a rear cross-sectional view of the booster bin shown in FIG. 19, taken along line 25-25 shown in FIG. 19; and

FIG. 26 is an upper cross-sectional view of the booster bin shown in FIG. 19, taken along line 26-26 shown in FIG. 20.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

Described herein are application systems 10, 10′, 10″ for selectively transferring material from a bulk storage container 14 to at least one melter 26. Certain terminology is used to describe the application systems 10, 10′, 10″ in the following description for convenience only and is not limiting. The words “right”, “left”, “lower,” and “upper” designate directions in the drawings to which reference is made. The words “inner” and “outer” refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of the description to describe the application systems 10, 10′, 10″ and related parts thereof. The words “forward” and “rearward” refer to directions in a longitudinal direction 2 and a direction opposite the longitudinal direction 2 along the application systems 10, 10′, 10″ and related parts thereof. The terminology includes the above-listed words, derivatives thereof and words of similar import.

Unless otherwise specified herein, the terms “longitudinal,” “vertical,” and “lateral” are used to describe the orthogonal directional components of various components of the application systems 10, 10′, 10″ as designated by the longitudinal direction 2, lateral direction 4, and vertical direction 6. It should be appreciated that while the longitudinal and lateral directions 2, 4 are illustrated as extending along a horizontal plane, and the vertical direction 6 is illustrated as extending along a vertical plane, the planes that encompass the various directions may differ during use.

Referring to FIG. 1A, an application system 10 is depicted that can be configured to store a supply of material and selectively transport the material to a plurality of melters 26 a-26 d. The application system 10 can include a bulk storage container 14 configured to store a bulk supply of the material. The bulk storage container 14 can comprise a hopper that can be refilled automatically or refilled manually by an operator of the application system 10 as needed. A transfer bin 18 can be operably connected to the bulk storage container 14, where the transfer bin 18 is configured to selectively receive material from the bulk storage container 14 and transfer the material downstream to other components of the application system 10. The application system 10 can include a transfer hose 20, which in other embodiments can comprise a pipe or other suitable transport mechanism, that extends from the transfer bin 18 to a distribution system 34, 234, 334, 434, where each of the distributions systems 34, 234, 334, 434 will be described in detail below. From the distribution system 34, 234, 334, 434, the application system 10 can selectively transfer amounts of the material through at least one hose to a plurality of melters 26 a-26 d. In the depicted embodiment, the plurality of melters 26 a-26 d includes four melters 26 a, 26 b, 26 c, 26 d, though the application system 10 can include more or less melters as desired. Further, each of the plurality of melters 26 a-26 d is depicted as receiving material from the distribution system 34, 234, 334, 434 via a respective hose 22, though the use of more or less hoses 22 is contemplated.

Additionally, in other embodiments, the application system 10 can include more than one distribution system 34, 234, 334, 434, where each of the distribution systems 34, 234, 334, 434 is configured to receive material from the bulk storage container 14 and transfer the material to a respective plurality of melters. In addition to multiple distribution systems 34, 234, 334, 434, in other embodiments the application system 10 can include more than one bulk storage container 14 and corresponding transfer bin 18, such that each of the bulk storage containers 14 is configured to supply material to one or more of the distributions systems 34, 234, 334, 434.

The application system 10 can also include a controller 30 for receiving information from and controlling various aspects of the application system 10. The controller 30 can be in signal communication with the distribution system 34, 234, 334, 434 through signal connection 28 a, the melters 26 a-26 d through signal connection 28 b, and the transfer bin 18 and bulk storage container 14 through signal connection 28 c. Any of the signal connections 28 a-28 c can comprise a wired and/or wireless connection. Further, any of the above-described components of the application system 10 can include a separate controller capable of controlling that particular component.

The controller 30 can comprise any suitable computing device configured to host a software application for monitoring and controlling various operations of the application system 10 as described herein. It will be understood that the controller 30 can include any appropriate computing device, examples of which include a processor, a desktop computing device, a server computing device, or a portable computing device, such as a laptop, tablet, or smart phone. Specifically, the controller 30 can include a memory and a human-machine interface (HMI) device. The memory can be volatile (such as some types of RAM), non-volatile (such as ROM, flash memory, etc.), or a combination thereof. The controller 30 can include additional storage (e.g., removable storage and/or non-removable storage) including, but not limited to, tape, flash memory, smart cards, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, universal serial bus (USB) compatible memory, or any other medium which can be used to store information and which can be accessed by the controller 30. The HMI device can include inputs that provide the ability to control the controller 30, via, for example, buttons, soft keys, a mouse, voice actuated controls, a touch screen, movement of the controller 30, visual cues (e.g., moving a hand in front of a camera on the controller 30), or the like. The HMI device can provide outputs via a graphical user interface, including visual information, such as the visual indication of the current conditions within the application system 10, as well as acceptable ranges for these parameters via a display. Other outputs can include audio information (e.g., via speaker), mechanically (e.g., via a vibrating mechanism), or a combination thereof. In various configurations, the HMI device can include a display, a touch screen, a keyboard, a mouse, a motion detector, a speaker, a microphone, a camera, or any combination thereof. The HMI device can further include any suitable device for inputting biometric information, such as, for example, fingerprint information, retinal information, voice information, and/or facial characteristic information, for instance, so as to require specific biometric information for accessing the controller 30.

Referring to FIG. 1B, another embodiment of an application system 10′ is depicted. The application system 10′ shares similar features with the application system 10, and as a result such features will be labeled similarly here and not described further for brevity. In contrast with the application system 10, the application system 10′ does not include a distribution system 34, 234, 334, 434. As a result, in the application system 10′ the bulk storage container 14 can provide material to the transfer bin 18, which is configured to transfer the material through a transfer hose 20 directly to a melter 26.

Now referring to FIG. 1C, a further embodiment of an application system 10″ is depicted. The application system 10″ shares similar features with the application systems 10, 10′, and as a result such features will be labeled similarly here and not described further for brevity. In the application system 10″, the bulk storage container 14 can provide material to the transfer bin 18, which is configured to transfer the material through a transfer hose 19 to a booster bin 500, which will be described further below. The booster bin 500 can be in signal communication with the controller 30 through a signal connection 28 d, which can be a wired or wireless connection, though it is contemplated that the booster bin 500 can include a separate controller. Like the transfer hose 20, the transfer hose 19 can be a pipe or other suitable transport mechanism. From the booster bin 500, the application system 10″ selectively transfer amounts of the material through a transfer hose 20 to a distribution system 34, 234, 334, 434. From the distribution system 34, 234, 334, 434, the application system 10″ can selectively transfer amounts of the material through at least one hose to a plurality of melters 26 a-26 d. In the depicted embodiment, the plurality of melters 26 a-26 d includes four melters 26 a, 26 b, 26 c, 26 d, though the application system 10″ can include more or less melters as desired. Further, each of the plurality of melters 26 a-26 d is depicted as receiving material from the distribution system 34, 234, 334, 434 via a respective hose 22, though the use of more or less hoses 22 is contemplated.

Referring to FIGS. 2-15, a first embodiment of a distribution system 34 will be described. The upper end of the distribution system 34 includes a hopper 60 for receiving and holding a supply of the material. The hopper 60 has an upper end 60 a, and a lower end 60 b opposite the upper end 60 a along the vertical direction 6. The hopper 60 has a front side 61 a, a rear side 61 b opposite the front side 61 a along the longitudinal direction 2, a left side 61 c that extends from the front side 61 a to the rear side 61 b, and a right side 61 d opposite the left side 61 c along the lateral direction 4 that also extends from the front side 61 a to the rear side 61 b. The front side 61 a can be comprised of a translucent polymer or glass that allows an operator of the distribution system 34 to view the contents of the hopper 60. However, in other embodiments any of the front, rear, left, and right sides 61 a-61 d can have a portion comprising a translucent material. Further, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the materials for the hopper 60 specifically enumerated above.

The distribution system 34 can also include an upper plate 60 e that extends from the left side 61 c to the right side 61 d and a lid 64 attached to the upper plate 60 e. The lid 64 can be attached to the upper plate 60 e through a set of laterally-spaced hinges 68 a-68 b. The lid 64 can include first and second lips 69 a, 69 b oppositely disposed on the lid 64 for manual grasping by an operator of the distribution system 34. As a result, the lid 64 can be manually swung open by the operator to allow for access to a cavity 74 defined by the hopper 60 for storing the supply of material. The operator can thus manually open the lid 64 whenever a supply of material within the hopper 60 is depleted and add additional material to the hopper 60 as desired. Though a lid 64 attached to the hopper 60 through hinges 68 a-68 d is specifically described, other methods for providing access to the hopper 60 for manual filling are contemplated.

Referring to FIGS. 2-5, the distribution system 34 can include a vacuum unit 35 attached to the hopper 60 at its upper end 60 a. The vacuum unit 35 can include an entry hose 36 configured to connect to the transfer hose 20 that extends from the transfer bin 18, where the vacuum unit 35 is configured to allow material to be drawn through the transfer hose 20, through a channel 36 a defined by the entry hose 36, and into the vacuum unit 35. The vacuum unit 35 can comprise a housing 38, where the housing defines a hollow rectangular box. As such, the housing 38 can include a front side 38 a, a rear side 38 b opposite the front side 38 a along the longitudinal direction 2, left side 38 c that extends from the front side 38 a to the rear side 38 b, and a right side 38 d opposite the left side 38 c along the lateral direction 4 that also extends from the front side 38 a to the rear side 38 b. The housing 38 can also include a top side 38 e that extends between each of the sides 38 a-38 d.

The housing 38 of the vacuum unit 35 can define a chamber 45 configured to receive the material entering the housing 38 through the entry hose 36 and store an amount of the material. The vacuum unit 35 can further include a vacuum pump 37 attached to the housing 38 at the top side 38 e and in communication with the chamber 45. The vacuum pump 37 can be configured to provide a vacuum force within the chamber 45 such that the material is pulled through the transfer hose 20 and into the chamber 45. The vacuum pump 37 can comprise an electrically-powered vacuum motor using an integrated turbine to create a suction force, though other types of vacuum pumps are contemplated. The vacuum unit 35 can include a filter 40 disposed within the chamber 45 adjacent the vacuum pump 37 so as to prevent material brought into the chamber 45 from being sucked into the vacuum pump 37, which would cause the vacuum pump 37 to operate poorly or completely malfunction. The vacuum unit 35 can also include a level sensor 39 attached to the housing 38. Though depicted as attached to the rear side 38 b, it is contemplated that the level sensor 39 can be attached to any of the sides 38 a-38 d as desired. The level sensor 39 can be a capacitive sensor, though other types of level sensors are contemplated. In operation, the level sensor 39 can be configured to detect the level of material disposed within the chamber 45 of the vacuum unit 35. The level sensor 39 can be in signal communication with the controller 30, such that the level sensor 39 can send a signal to the controller 30 that is indicative of the measured material level within the chamber 45. The controller 30 can be configured to direct the vacuum pump 37 to pull material into the chamber 45 until the level sensor 39 detects a predetermined level of material within the chamber 45. Alternatively, the controller 30 can direct the vacuum pump 37 to pull material into the chamber 45 in a time-based pattern

To allow material to transfer from the vacuum unit 35 to the hopper 60, the housing 38 can define an opening 46 at the bottom of the chamber 45 that allows the chamber 45 to be in fluid communication with the cavity 74 defined by the hopper 60. To control the transfer of material from the vacuum unit 35 to the hopper 60, the distribution system 34 can include a trap door 41 configured to selectively cover the opening 46. Specifically, the trap door 41 can be configured to move along the longitudinal direction 2 to selectively cover the opening 46. However, in other embodiments, the trap door 41 can utilize other methods of movement, such as translation along any of the longitudinal, lateral, and vertical directions 2, 4, 6, rotation about an axis, etc.

To enable movement of the trap door 41, the distribution system 34 can include first and second rails 42 a, 42 b that extend along the longitudinal direction 2. The first and second rails 42 a, 42 b can be attached to the upper plate 60 e of the hopper 60, though other mounting locations for the first and second rails 42 a, 42 b are contemplated. The distribution system 34 can include first and second arms 43 a, 43 b, where each of the first and second arms 43 a, 43 b are configured to attach to opposing sides of the trap door 41. The first and second arms 43 a, 43 b can also operably connect to the first and second rails 42 a, 42 b, respectively, so as to support the trap door 41 and enable movement of the trap door 41 along the first and second rails 42 a, 42 b. To move the trap door 41, a first hydraulic cylinder 44 a can be attached to the first arm 43 a, and/or a second hydraulic cylinder 44 b can be attached to the second arm 43 b. The controller 30 can be in signal communication with the first and/or second hydraulic cylinders 44 a, 44 b so as to instruct each of the first and/or second hydraulic cylinders 44 a, 44 b to selectively translate so as to move the trap door 41 along the first and second rails 42 a, 42 b.

In operation, the trap door 41 is configured to transition between a closed position, where the trap door 41 covers the opening 46 to prevent material from falling from the chamber 45, and an open position, where the trap door 41 is at least partially offset from the opening 46 along the longitudinal direction 1 to allow material to fall from the chamber 45 into the cavity 74. The controller 30 can automatically instruct the first and second hydraulic cylinders 44 a, 44 b to transition the trap door 41 between the open and closed positions, or only do so upon receiving instructions from the operator via the HMI device of the controller 30. Additionally, the trap door 41 can be transitioned from the closed position to the open position based upon the level of material within the chamber 46 as sensed by the level sensor 39. In one embodiment, the trap door 41 is configured to transition from the closed position to the open position when the level sensor 39 detects that a level of the material within the chamber 45 reaches a predetermined level. The predetermined level can be input by the operator into the HMI device of the controller 30, or can be recalled from the memory of the controller 30 based upon the type of material being used, type of dispensing operation performed by the application system 10, etc. Alternatively, the trap door 41 is configured to transition from the closed position to the open position based upon a time-based fill pattern utilized by the vacuum pump 37

The hopper 60 can be elevated above a workshop floor by a base 70. The base 70 can include a top frame 71 a and a bottom frame 71 b opposite the top frame 71 a along the vertical direction 6. The top frame 71 a can be attached to the bottom frame 71 b by a plurality of vertically extending legs 72 a-72 d. The legs can include a first leg 72 a, a second leg 72 b, a third leg 72 c, and a fourth leg 72 d. Though the legs 72 a-72 d and the top and bottom frames 71 a, 71 b are depicted as forming a substantially cube-shaped base 70, the shape of the base 70 is not intended to be limited to such. For example, the base can be cylindrical, can taper along the vertical direction 6, etc. The bottom frame 71 b can be supported by a plurality of wheels, such as four wheels 73 that allow the distribution system 34 to be easily moved. Alternatively, the bottom frame 71 b and/or any of the legs 72 a-72 d can rest directly upon a workshop floor, or can rest upon supports that do not allow for easy movement.

Now referring to FIGS. 6-8B, the hopper 60 can define an internal cavity 74 for storing a supply of the material. The internal cavity 74 can extend vertically from the lid 64 to the lower end 60 b of the hopper 60, where an opening 75 is defined at the bottom ends of the sides 61 a-61 d. Adjacent the opening 75 at the lower end 60 b of the hopper 60, the distribution system 34 includes a conveyor 87. In the embodiment depicted in FIGS. 1-7, the conveyor 87 includes a plurality of rollers 88 a-88 h. Specifically, the conveyor 87 can include a first roller 88 a, second roller 88 b, third roller 88 c, fourth roller 88 d, fifth roller 88 e, sixth roller 88 f, seventh roller 88 g, and an eighth roller 88 h. Each of the rollers 88 a-88 h can extend from the left side 61 c of the hopper 60 to the right side 61 d, as well as at least partially through each of the left and right sides 61 c, 61 d. Despite the fact that the conveyor 87 is shown to include eight rollers 88 a-88 h, the conveyor 87 can include more or less than eight rollers. For example, in other embodiments the conveyor 87 can include one roller, two rollers, three rollers, or more than eight rollers. Also, even though the rollers 88 a-88 h are shown as extending in a particular direction, all of the rollers 88 a-88 h can alternatively extend in any direction that is perpendicular to the vertical direction 6.

As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the first roller 88 a can have a body 90 that includes a central portion 92 b, a first end 92 a extending from the central portion 92 b along the longitudinal direction 2, and a second end 92 c opposite the first end 92 a that also extends along the longitudinal direction 2. Though the first roller 88 a is specifically shown and described, the description related to the first roller 88 a can be representative of each of the rollers 88 a-88 h. Each of the first and second ends 92 a, 92 c can define a bore 96 that extends therethrough. The bores 96 can be configured to receive a fastener (not shown) or other feature for securing the first roller 88 a to the first or second rotation mechanisms 112 a, 112 b, which will be described further below. The central portion 92 b can have an outer surface 90 a and a plurality of protrusions 100 extending radially outward from the outer surface 90 a. As depicted, the protrusions 100 can each be longitudinally-extending ribs that each extend the length of the central portion 92 b of the body 90 and are equally spaced radially about the entire circumference of the central portion 92 b. However, it is contemplated that the protrusions 100 can take other forms as desired. For example, the protrusions 100 could extend helically about the body 90.

The distribution system 34 can also include a plurality of gates 104 a-104 h attached to a respective one of the rollers 88 a-88 h. The gate 104 a, which can be representative of each of the gates 104 a-104 h, can extend substantially the length of the central portion 92 b of the body 90 of the first roller 88 a, and can attach to the body 90 through fasteners 108. Though fasteners 108 are specifically shown as the means for attaching the gates 104 a-104 h to the rollers 88 a-88 h, the gates 104 a-104 h can attach to the rollers 88 a-88 h through other mechanisms. For example, the gates 104 a-104 h can be attached to the rollers 88 a-88 h through welding, integral formation, snap-fit, etc. Each of the gates 104 a-104 h can have a substantially rectangular profile, though other shapes and/or sizes relative to the rollers 88 a-88 h are envisioned. Further, the fasteners 108 can allow the gates 104 a-104 h to be releasably attached to the rollers 88 a-88 h, such that an operator can replace any of the gates 104 a-104 h at any time, for reasons that will be explained below. The fasteners 108 can also allow the gates 104 a-104 h to be movably attached to the rollers 88 a-88 h so as to adjust the position of the gates 104 a-104 h relative to the respective roller 88 a-88 h to which they are attached. The gates 104 a-104 h can function to help prevent incidental flow of material through the gapes G₁-G₇ that exist between the rollers 88 a-88 h. The gaps G₁-G₇ will be discussed further below. Each of the gates 104 a-104 h can comprise a rigid material, such as metal or plastic, or a substantially flexible material, such as rubber or foam.

Continuing with FIGS. 6-8B, each of the rollers 88 a-88 h can extend through the distribution system 34 at the lower end 60 b of the hopper 60 along the lateral direction 4. The first end 92 a of the rollers 88 a-88 h can at least partially extend through the left side 61 c of the hopper 60 and attach to the first rotation mechanism 112 a. Similarly, the second end 92 c of the rollers 88 a-88 h at least partially extend through the right side 61 d of the hopper 60 and attach to the second rotation mechanism 112 b. However, the rollers 88 a-88 h can be alternatively situated within the distribution system 34. For example, the rollers 88 a-88 h can extend substantially along the longitudinal direction 2. The central portion 92 b of each of the rollers 88 a-88 h can be captured between the left and right sides 61 c, 61 d of the hopper 60 so as to secure the rollers 88 a-88 h within the hopper 60. To prevent portions of the rollers 88 a-88 h from directly contacting the hopper 60, each of the rollers 88 a-88 h can include a washer 102 disposed around each of the first and second ends 92 a, 92 c adjacent to the central portion 92 b. The washers 102 can be nylon washers, though other types of washers are contemplated. Each of the rollers 88 a-88 h is configured to rotate about a respective axis A₁-A₈. Specifically, the first roller 88 a can rotate about a first axis A₁, the second roller 88 b can rotate about a second axis A₂, the third roller 88 c can rotate about a third axis A₃, the fourth roller 88 d can rotate about a fourth axis A₄, the fifth roller 88 e can rotate about a fifth axis A₅, the sixth roller 88 f can rotate about a sixth axis A₆, the seventh roller 88 g can rotate about a seventh axis A₇, and the eighth roller 88 h can rotate about an eighth axis A₈. Like the rollers 88 a-88 h, each of the axes A₁-A₈ can extend substantially along the lateral direction 4. However, each of the axes A₁-A₈ can extend along any direction that is perpendicular to the vertical direction 6. Each of the axes A₁-A₈ can extend through the body 90 of the respective roller 88 a-88 h, and particularly through the center of the first end 92 a, through the central portion 92 b, and through the second end 92 c. Each of the rollers 88 a-88 h can be configured to rotate through an angular rotational range Θ about its respective axis A₁-A₈. In one embodiment, the rotational range Θ is about 40 degrees. However, the rotational range can be up to about 90 degrees. Alternatively, it is contemplated that the rollers 88 a-88 h may not be constrained to a rotational range, but can rotate continuously in either of the first or second rotational directions R₁, R₂.

Referring to FIG. 9, each of the rollers 88 a-88 h can be operatively connected to a first rotation mechanism 112 a, which is configured to rotate each of the rollers 88 a-88 h. The first rotation mechanism 112 a can be attached to the outer side of the left side 61 c of the hopper 60, though it is contemplated that the first rotation mechanism 112 a can be attached to any of the sides 61 a-61 d of the hopper 60. The first rotation mechanism 112 a can include a pneumatic cylinder 116 a that is configured to selectively move a pneumatic ram 120 a attached thereto. Though pneumatic actuation is explicitly described, the rotation mechanism can include other types of actuation mechanisms, such as hydraulically-powered devices, etc. The pneumatic ram 120 a can be attached to a rotating arm 128 a at a joint 124 a, where the joint 124 a can function as a rotational pivot between the pneumatic ram 120 a and the rotating arm 128 a. The rotating arm 128 a can attach to the pneumatic ram 120 a at one end, and the first end 92 a of the seventh roller 88 g at the other end. Between the pneumatic ram 120 a and the seventh roller 88 g, the rotating arm 128 a can also attach to a lateral arm 132 a that extends away from the rotating arm 128 a. The lateral arm 132 a can attach to the rotating arm 128 a at a seventh pivot 140 g, as well as a plurality of linkages 136 a-136 g at a plurality of respective pivots 140 a-140 f and 140 h that are longitudinally spaced apart. For example, the lateral arm 132 a can attach to a first linkage 136 a at a first pivot 140 a, a second linkage 136 b at a second pivot 140 b, a third linkage 136 c at a third pivot 140 c, a fourth linkage 136 d at a fourth pivot 140 d, a fifth linkage 136 e at a fifth pivot 140 e, and a sixth linkage 136 f at a sixth pivot 140 f, and a seventh linkage 136 g at an eighth pivot 140 h. Each of the rotating arm 128 a, the lateral arm 132 a, and the linkages 136 a-136 f can be configured as elongated metal bars or plates. However, other embodiments for these features are contemplated. The linkages 136 a-136 f and 136 g can attach to the lateral arm 132 a at one end, and a respective one of the rollers 88 a-88 f and 88 g at the other end. For example, the first linkage 136 a can attach to the first roller 88 a, the second linkage 136 b can attach to the second roller 88 b, the third linkage 136 c can attach to the third roller 88 c, the fourth linkage 136 d can attach to the fourth roller 88 d, the fifth linkage 136 e can attach to the fifth roller 88 e, the sixth linkage 136 f can attach to the sixth roller 88 f, and the seventh linkage 136 g can attach to the eighth roller 88 h.

To rotate the rollers 88 a-88 h, the pneumatic cylinder 116 a of the first rotation mechanism 112 a can translate the pneumatic ram 120 a into and out of the pneumatic cylinder 116 a. Because the pneumatic ram 120 a is connected to the rotating arm 128 a at the joint 124 a, translation of the pneumatic ram 120 a causes the rotating arm 128 a to rotate about the seventh axis A₇ of the seventh roller 88 g. Rotation of the rotating arm 128 a causes the lateral arm 132 a, which is attached to the rotating arm 128 a, to translate along an arc-shaped path. The translation of the lateral arm 132 a further causes the linkages 136 a-136 g to pivot about the axes A₁-A₆ and A₈ of the respective roller 88 a-88 f and 88 h to which they are attached. As the rollers 88 a-88 f and 88 h are connected to the linkages 136 a-136 g and the rotating arm 128 a is connected to the seventh roller 88 g, the above described translation of the pneumatic ram 120 a can cause each of the rollers 88 a-88 h to rotate in a uniform rotational direction. As the pneumatic ram 120 a translates back and forth, the pneumatic ram 120 a can cause each of the rollers 88 a-88 h to rotate through the rotational range Θ. This means that at one instance, each of the rollers 88 a-88 h can rotate together in a first rotational direction R₁ (counterclockwise direction), while at another instance, each of the rollers 88 a-88 h can rotate together in a second rotational direction R₂ (clockwise direction) that is opposite the first rotational direction R₁. The effect of the rotation of the rollers 88 a-88 h will be discussed further below.

In addition to the first rotation mechanism 112 a, referring to FIG. 10, each of the rollers 88 a-88 h can be operatively connected to a second rotation mechanism 112 a, which is also configured to rotate each of the rollers 88 a-88 h. The second rotation mechanism 112 b can be attached to the outer side of the right side 61 d of the hopper 60, though it is contemplated that the second rotation mechanism 112 b can be attached to any of the sides 61 a-61 d of the hopper 60. The second rotation mechanism 112 b can include a pneumatic cylinder 116 b that is configured to selectively move a pneumatic ram 120 b attached thereto. Though pneumatic actuation is explicitly described, the rotation mechanism can include other types of actuation mechanisms, such as hydraulically-powered devices, etc. The pneumatic ram 120 b can be attached to a rotating arm 128 b at a joint 124 b, where the joint 124 b can function as a rotational pivot between the pneumatic ram 120 b and the rotating arm 128 b. The rotating arm 128 b can attach to the pneumatic ram 120 b at one end, and the second end 92 c of the seventh roller 88 g at the other end. Between the pneumatic ram 120 b and the seventh roller 88 g, the rotating arm 128 b can also attach to a lateral arm 132 b that extends away from the rotating arm 128 b. The lateral arm 132 b can attach to the rotating arm 128 b at a seventh pivot 141 g, as well as a plurality of linkages 137 a-137 g at a plurality of respective pivots 141 b-141 f and 141 h that are longitudinally spaced apart. For example, the lateral arm 132 b can attach to a first linkage 137 a at a first pivot 141 a, a second linkage 137 b at a second pivot 141 b, a third linkage 137 c at a third pivot 141 c, a fourth linkage 137 d at a fourth pivot 141 d, a fifth linkage 137 e at a fifth pivot 141 e, and a sixth linkage 137 f at a sixth pivot 141 f, and a seventh linkage 137 g at an eighth pivot 141 h. Each of the rotating arm 128 b, the lateral arm 132 b, and the linkages 137 a-137 g can be configured as elongated metal bars or plates. However, other embodiments for these features are contemplated. The linkages 137 a-137 g can attach to the lateral arm 132 b at one end, and a respective one of the rollers 88 a-88 f, 88 h at the other end. For example, the first linkage 137 a can attach to the first roller 88 a, the second linkage 137 b can attach to the second roller 88 b, the third linkage 137 c can attach to the third roller 88 c, the fourth linkage 137 d can attach to the fourth roller 88 d, the fifth linkage 137 e can attach to the fifth roller 88 e, the sixth linkage 137 f can attach to the sixth roller 88 f, and the seventh linkage 137 g can attach to the eighth roller 88 h. The second rotation mechanism 112 b can be contained within a transparent box 89 attached to the hopper 60, such that an operator is protected from the moving parts of the second rotation mechanism 112 b, but can still visually monitor the operation of the second rotation mechanism 112 b. In another embodiment, the first rotation mechanism 112 a can also be contained within a transparent box 89, or neither of the first and second rotation mechanisms 112 a, 112 b can be contained within a transparent box 89.

To rotate the rollers 88 a-88 h, the pneumatic cylinder 116 b of the second rotation mechanism 112 b can translate the pneumatic ram 120 b into and out of the pneumatic cylinder 116 b. Because the pneumatic ram 120 b is connected to the rotating arm 128 b at the joint 124 b, translation of the pneumatic ram 120 b causes the rotating arm 128 b to rotate about the seventh axis A₇ of the seventh roller 88 g. Rotation of the rotating arm 128 b causes the lateral arm 132 b, which is attached to the rotating arm 128 b, to translate along an arc-shaped path. The translation of the lateral arm 132 b further causes the linkages 137 a-137 g to pivot about the axes A₁-A₆, A₈ of the respective roller 88 a-88 f, 88 h to which they are attached. As the rollers 88 a-88 f, 88 h are connected to the linkages 136 a-136 g and the rotating arm 128 a is connected to the seventh roller 88 g, the above described translation of the pneumatic ram 120 b can cause each of the rollers 88 a-88 h to rotate in a uniform rotational direction. As the pneumatic ram 120 b translates back and forth, the pneumatic ram 120 b can cause each of the rollers 88 a-88 h to rotate through the rotational range Θ. This means that at one instance, each of the rollers 88 a-88 h can rotate together in a first rotational direction R₁ (counterclockwise direction), while at another instance, each of the rollers 88 a-88 h can rotate together in a second rotational direction R₂ (clockwise direction) that is opposite the first rotational direction R₁. The effect of the rotation of the rollers 88 a-88 h will be discussed further below.

Though rotation mechanisms 112 a, 112 b are described in connection with the distribution system 34, it is contemplated that other rotation mechanisms can be utilized. For example, the rollers 88 a-88 h can alternatively be driven by one or more electric motors in one or both of the rotational directions R₁. R₂. Further, the first and second rotation mechanisms 112 a, 112 b or other rotation mechanisms can interconnect the rollers 88 a-88 h so as to rotate the rollers 88 a-88 h through the use of gears, chains, belts, etc.

Referring to FIGS. 6-7, the rollers 88 a-88 h can each be spaced apart by a predetermined amount, such that gaps G₁-G₇ are defined between the rollers 88 a-88 h. Specifically, a first gap G₁ can be defined between the first and second rollers 88 a, 88 b, a second gap G₂ can be defined between the second and third rollers 88 b, 88 c, a third cap G₃ can be defined between the third and fourth rollers 88 c, 88 d, a fourth gap G₄ can be defined between the fourth and fifth rollers 88 d, 88 e, a fifth gap G₅ can be defined between the fifth and sixth rollers 88 e, 88 f, a sixth gap G₆ can be defined between the sixth and seventh rollers 88 f, 88 g, and a seventh gap G₇ can be defined between the seventh and eighth rollers 88 g, 88 h. Each of the gaps G₁-G₇ can be defined as the open channel that extends downward from the cavity 74 of the hopper 60 between the rollers 88 a-88 h. Each of the gaps G₁-G₇ can be equal in width, though any of the gaps G₁-G₇ can differ from the other gaps in size as desired. In one embodiment, each of the gaps G₁-G₇ can be about 0.375 inches wide. Alternatively, the gaps G₁-G₇ can be from about 0.200 inches to about 0.500 inches wide. However, other widths for the gaps G₁-G₇ are contemplated. The width of the gaps G₁-G₇ in a particular distribution system 34 can be specifically designed to accommodate a material having a particular size and/or shape in a solid state, or a particular amount of material flow required by a specific melter. Specifically, the gaps G₁-G₇ can be designed such that when the rollers 88 a-88 h are in a stationary position, the rollers 88 a-88 h block flow through the gaps G₁-G₇, but when the rollers 88 a-88 h are moving, the relative motion between the rollers 88 a-88 h creates enough disturbance in the bottommost layer of material such that the material flows through the gaps G₁-G₇. As noted above, each of the gates 104 a-104 h can be moved so as to adjust the position of the gates 104 a-104 h with respect to the respective roller 88 a-88 h to which they are attached. This movement can aid in restricting or permitting flow through the gaps G₁-G₇ through which the gate 104 a-104 h extends.

In operation, the cavity 74 of the hopper 60 can be filled with material, such as a hot melt adhesive. In a distribution system 34 that includes a plurality of rollers 88 a-88 h, the material can rest on the upper side of the rollers 88 a-88 h before it is transferred to the distribution bin 170, which will be discussed below. Without any motion, the physical properties of the material can prevent the material from passing through the gaps G₁-G₇ defined between the rollers 88 a-88 h, and thus the supply of material bridges over the rollers 88 a-88 h. To transfer selective amounts of the material from the hopper 60 to the distribution bin 170, the first rotation mechanism 112 a can rotate the conveyor 87, which in this embodiment is the rollers 88 a-88 h, about their respective axes A₁-A₈ through the rotational range Θ. This clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the rollers 88 a-88 h agitates and fluidizes discrete amounts of the material, which then falls through the gaps G₁-G₇. It is contemplated the speed and/or rotational range Θ at which the rollers 88 a-88 h rotate can be adjusted so as to increase or decrease the rate of fluidization of the material. Further, as noted above, the position of the gates 104 a-104 h can be adjusted relative to the rollers 88 a-88 h to adjust the width of the lower-most portion of the gaps G₁-G₇. The position of the gates 104 a-104 h can be adjusted together, or the position of any one of the gates 104 a-104 h can be adjusted separate from the others.

Now referring to FIG. 12, the funnel 150 and distribution bin 170 will be discussed in detail. The funnel 150 can function as a transition for the material as it flows from the hopper 60 to the distribution bin 170. The funnel 150 can have an upper end 150 a that is attached to the top frame 71 a of the base 70, and a lower end 150 b opposite the upper end 150 a along the vertical direction 6 that is attached to the distribution bin 170. A passage 154 is defined through the funnel 150 from the upper end 150 a to the lower end 150 b to allow for the transfer of the material. The funnel 150 can comprise a flexible material, such as a fabric, which allows relative movement between the hopper 60 and the distribution bin 170. The funnel 150 can taper inwards from the upper end 150 a to the lower end 150 b, thus guiding the material as it is transferred from the hopper 60 to the distribution bin 170. However, it is contemplated that the funnel 150 can comprise different shapes and/or materials, or that the funnel 150 may not be included in the distribution system 34 at all, in which case the distribution bin 170 can be attached directly to the hopper 60.

The distribution bin 170 is configured to receive and hold a supply of the material from the conveyor 87 and allow for the material to be selectively provided to one or more melters 26 a-26 d on demand. As depicted, the distribution bin 170 is positioned within the distribution system 34 below the hopper 60 and funnel 150, as well as between the top and bottom frames 71 a, 71 b of the base 70. However, other positions for the distribution bin 170 are contemplated. The distribution bin 170 includes a housing 171, an inlet 172, an internal chamber 173 configured to receive the material from the conveyor 87, and at least one outlet. The housing 171 can define a substantially circular cross-section, which eliminates corners in which material can cluster and stagnate. Likewise, the internal chamber 173 defined by the housing 171 can define a substantially circular cross-section. The inlet 172 is open to the funnel 150 and is configured to receive the material from the conveyor 87 through the passage 154, while the internal chamber 173 is configured to receive the material from the inlet 172. After passing through the internal chamber 173, as will be described below, the material is provided to at least one outlet in fluid communication with at least one melter. For example, the depicted distribution bin 170 includes a first outlet 174 a, a second outlet 174 b, a third outlet 174 c, and a fourth outlet 174 d. Though four outlets are specifically shown, the distribution bin 170 can include any number of outlets as desired. Further, in operation any combination of the outlets 174 a-174 d can be plugged or otherwise closed off, such that they prevent possible contamination of the material and remain unused in a particular dispensing operation. Each of the outlets 174 a-174 d can be in fluid communication with a transfer pump (not shown) for pumping the material from the distribution bin 170 through the outlets 174 a-174 d to the respective melters.

The distribution bin 170 can include a plate 180 surrounded by the housing 171 and configured to direct adhesive particulate contained therein toward the outlets 174 a-174 d. The plate 180 can define a lower end of the internal chamber 173, such that material falling into the distribution bin 170 from the hopper 60 can be supported by the plate 180. The plate 180 can comprise a sloped portion 180 a and a lower portion 180 b, where the lower portion 180 b can be positioned adjacent the outlets 174 a-174 d, and the sloped portion 180 a can be angularly offset from the lower portion 180 b and extend upwards and longitudinally away from the lower portion 180 b. The sloped portion 180 a, due to its orientation, can be configured to direct the material to flow downwards to the lower portion 180 b. An agitation device 183 can be operatively coupled with the plate 180 and configured to transfer force to the plate 180 such that the plate agitates material particulates disposed thereon, which encourages flow of the material down the plate 180 and to the outlets 174 a-174 d. In the depicted embodiment, the agitation device 183 is coupled to the bottom of the plate 180, though other positions for the agitation device are contemplated. In some embodiments, the agitation device 183 may be configured to vibrate the plate 180, although other types of agitation may be used in other embodiments of the distribution bin 170.

The distribution bin 170 can further include a gasket 181 disposed around at least a portion of the plate 180 and positioned between plate 180 and the housing 171. The gasket 181 can be comprised of a substantially flexible and force-absorbing material, such that the gasket 181 is configured to absorb excess vibration created in the plate 180 by the agitation device 183 and prevent material from falling between the plate 180 and the housing 171. In addition to the gasket 181, the distribution bin 170 can include at least one bumper 182 attached to the bottom surface of the plate 180. Like the gasket 181, the at least one bumper 182 can be comprised of a substantially flexible and force-absorbing material. In the depicted embodiment, the distribution bin 170 includes three bumpers 182—two attached to the lower portion 182 b of the plate 180 and one attached to the sloped portion 182 a of the plate 180, though other configurations and number of bumpers 182 are contemplated. Together, the gaskets 181 and the bumpers 182 are configured to prevent the plate 180 from transferring force created by the agitation device 183 to other components of the distribution system 34, thus preventing further wear or damage on any such components.

The housing 171 of the distribution bin 170 can include an access window 184 that extends through its bottom side so as to provide the operator with access to the agitation device 183. In the depicted embodiment, the access window 184 is depicted as having a substantially round shape, though other shapes are contemplated. The distribution bin 170 can also include a level sensor 191 for detecting the amount of material within the internal chamber 173 of the distribution bin 170. The level sensor 191 can be in wired and/or wireless communication with the controller 30 for communication of level readings from the level sensor 191. When the level sensor 191 detects the level of material within the distribution bin 170 is low, the controller 30 can direct the conveyor 87 to actuate so as to cause more of the material be transferred from the hopper 60 to the distribution bin 170.

The distribution bin 170 can further include a flow control plate 185 attached to an inner surface of the housing 171. The flow control plate 185 can be configured as a flat, substantially planar metallic plate, though the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to such. The flow control plate 185 can extend laterally through the internal chamber 173 and can be spaced from the plate 180, and specifically the lower portion 180 b of the plate 180, so as to define a gap 190 between the flow control plate 185 and the plate 180. As a result, the flow control plate 185 can function to restrict the flow of material to the outlets 174 a-174 d of the distribution bin 170. In the depicted embodiment, the level sensor 191 is attached to the flow control plate 185. Alternatively, the level sensor 191 can be attached to the inner surface of the housing 171.

The flow control plate 185 can be movable along the vertical direction 6 so as to adjust the size of the gap 190. In the depicted embodiment, the distribution bin 170 can include a first pin 186 a attached to a first end of the flow control plate 185 and a second pin 186 b attached to the opposite end of the flow control plate 185. The first and second pins 186 a, 186 b can also extend through respective slots 187 defined by the housing 171. In one embodiment, the first and second pins 186 a, 186 b are attached to the plate by inserting portions of the first and second pins 186 a, 186 b through the respective slots 187 and threadedly attaching the first and second pins 186 a, 186 b to the flow control plate 185. However, other methods of attaching the first and second pins 186 a, 186 b to the flow control plate are contemplated. Each of the slots 187 can define elongated slots that extend substantially vertically through the housing 171, though other shapes and orientations of the slots 187 are contemplated. Each of the first and second pins 186 a, 186 b is configured to be selectively moved through the respective slot 187 so as to vertically move the flow control plate 185 within the internal chamber 173, thus adjusting the size of the gap 190. The force applied to the first and second pins 186 a, 186 b to make these adjustments can be applied to the first and second pins 186 a, 186 b external to the housing 171. This can be advantageous for the operator of the distribution system 34, as it allows the operator to easily, accurately, and manually make changes to the size of the gap 190 without disassembling or coming into contact with any of the internal features of the distribution bin 170. To secure the flow control plate 185 in a desired position, the housing 171 can define a plurality of notches 188 open to each of the slots 187. The notches 188 can be positioned vertically along the slots 187 in set increments, so as to correspond to defined sizes of the gaps 190. As such, the housing 171 can include external markings to inform the operator which gap sizes each of the notches 188 corresponds to. In operation, when each of the first and second pins 186 a, 186 b is moved through the corresponding slot 187 to a desired location, the operator can dispose the first and second pins 186 a, 186 b into respective ones of the notches 188 so as to secure the flow control plate 185 in the desired position.

The plate 180 can include a plurality of pins 189 extending upwards in the proximity of the end of the flow control plate 185. In the depicted embodiment, the plate 180, and particularly the lower portion 180 b of the plate 180, can have a single laterally-extending row of pins 189. Though pins having particular arrangements and lengths are shown, the plate 180 can include more pins, less pins, pins of different lengths, no pins, etc. The pins 189 can function to, along with the vibration/agitation generated by the agitation device 183, divide the flow of material within the distribution bin 170 so as to break apart clumps of coalesced and/or stuck together material particulates before delivery to the outlets 174 a-174 d. In operation, the material received by the internal chamber 173 can be directed along the sloped portion 180 a of the plate 180, past the pins 189, through the gap 190, to the lower portion 180 b of the plate 180, and to the outlets 174 a-174 d. Once provided to the outlets 174 a-174 d, the material can be conveyed through the outlets 174 a-174 d by respective pumps to a corresponding one of the melters.

In addition to the pins 189, the distribution system 34 can also include a manifold 192 configured to avoid the formation of clumps of material, particularly near the outlets 174 a-174 d. The manifold 192 can be positioned below the plate 180 and attached to the bottom surface of the plate 180, specifically the lower portion 180 b of the plate 180. The manifold 192 can be configured to receive pressurized air and force pressurized air through at least one passage 196 extending through the lower portion 180 b of the plate 180 so as to move material within the internal chamber 173. To accomplish this, the manifold 192 can include an input 193 configured to receive the pressurized air from an external pressurized air source (not shown). The distribution system 34 can further include an input connector 194 configured to interface with the input 193 of the manifold 192 so as to provide the manifold 192 with pressurized air. Though depicted as an elbow adapter, the input connector 194 can comprise any suitable device for interfacing with a hose or other components capable of directing pressurized air from a pressurized air source.

The manifold 192 can further include a body passage 195 that extends through the manifold 192. The body passage 195 can extend into the manifold 192 from its upper surface, such that when the manifold 192 is attached to the plate 180, the body passage 195 can be partially defined by the manifold 192 and partially defined by the plate 180. However, in other embodiments, the body passage 195 can be extend completely internally through the manifold 192. As stated above, the body passage 195 can be configured to direct the pressurized air to at least one passage 196 extending through the plate 180. In the depicted embodiment, the plate 180 defines a plurality of passages 196 that are positioned on the plate 180 in a substantially arc-like shape adjacent the outlets 174 a-174 d, particularly in a shape that substantially matches the curvature of the housing 171. However, other shapes, arrangements, or numbers of passage 196 are contemplated. In operation, pressurized air is directed from a pressurized air source, through the input connector 194, through the input 193 of the manifold 192, into the body passage 195, and through the body passage 195 to the at least one passage 196. From the at least one passage 196, the air is directed through the plate 180 so as to move material within the internal chamber 173. By providing this pressurized air input to the internal chamber 173, particularly to the portion of the internal chamber 173 adjacent the outlets 174 a-174 d, clumping and stagnation of the material can be prevented. This can be advantageous in that clumping of the material can otherwise clog the outlets 174 a-174 d, which can force the operator to halt dispensing operations to as to address the issue, resulting in both wasted time and resources.

Now referring to FIG. 16, another embodiment of a distribution system 234 will be discussed. The distribution system 234 includes an outer housing 238 that defines an internal space and a hopper 260 positioned in the internal space of the housing 238. The hopper 260 can extend from an upper end 260 a to a lower end 260 b opposite the upper end 260 a along the vertical direction 6. An opening 266 can be defined in the upper end 260 a for receiving the material 275 and filling the hopper 260. The distribution system 234 can include a lid 264 coupled to the housing 238 for selectively providing access to the hopper 260 and covering the hopper opening 266. The upper end 260 a of the hopper 260 can have a first width W₁ measured along the lateral direction 4 and the lower end 260 b of the hopper 260 can have a second width W2 measured along the lateral direction 4, where the second width W2 is greater than the first width W₁. As such, the hopper 260 can taper outwards as it extends downward along the vertical direction 6. However, it is also contemplated that the upper end 260 a and the lower end 260 b can have similar widths, or the lower end 260 b can have a smaller width than the upper end 260 a, such that the hopper 260 tapers inwards as it extends downwards along the vertical direction 6.

The hopper 260 can define a cavity 274 therein for receiving the material 275 through the opening 266 and storing the material. The distribution system 234 can include an agitation device 278 for agitating material particulates disposed within the hopper 260 so as to encourage flow of the material downwards within the cavity 274. In the depicted embodiment, the agitation device 278 is coupled to the outer surface of the hopper 260, though other positions for the agitation device are contemplated. In some embodiments, the agitation device 278 may be configured to vibrate the hopper 260 so as to provide vibrational energy to the material within the hopper 260, although other types of agitation may be used in other embodiments of the distribution system 234. The distribution system 234 can also include a level sensor 276 attached to the inner surface of the hopper 260 for sensing a level of the material 275 in the hopper 260. The level sensor 276 can be in signal communication with the controller 30, such that an operator of the distribution system 234 can be notified in real time if the supply of material 275 in the hopper 260 becomes depleted, or other parts of the application system 10 can be notified to automatically replenish the supply of material within the hopper 260.

Adjacent the lower end 260 b of the hopper 260, the distribution system 234 includes a conveyor 279. In the embodiment depicted in FIG. 8, the conveyor 279 includes a plurality of rollers 280 a-280 g. Specifically, the conveyor 279 can include a first roller 280 a, second roller 280 b, third roller 280 c, fourth roller 280 d, fifth roller 280 e, sixth roller 280 f, and seventh roller 280 g. Each of the rollers 280 a-280 g can extend through the distribution system 234 substantially along the lateral direction 4. However, it is contemplated that in other embodiments the rollers 280 a-280 g may not extend parallel to each other, or may extend along a direction other than the lateral direction 4. In any event, the rollers 280 a-280 g will generally extend along a direction that is perpendicular to the vertical direction 6. Despite the fact that the conveyor 279 is shown to include seven rollers 280 a-280 g, the conveyor 279 can include more or less than seven rollers. For example, in other embodiments the conveyor 279 can include one roller, two rollers, three rollers, or more than seven rollers. Alternatively, in other embodiments the conveyor 279 can include a sifter in place of the rollers 280-280 g. Each of the rollers 280 a-280 g can have a similar structure to the first roller 88 a shown in FIGS. 5A-5B, with the exception that the rollers 280 a-280 g may not include a gate 104 a-104 g. Additionally, each of the rollers 280 a-280 g can be spaced apart so to define gaps that extend vertically therebetween. Each of the rollers 280 a-280 g is configured to rotate about a respective axis. For example, the first roller 280 a can rotate about a first axis B₁, the second roller 280 b can rotate about a second axis B₂, the third roller 280 c can rotate about a third axis B₃, the fourth roller 280 d can rotate about a fourth axis B₄, the fifth roller 280 e can rotate about a fifth axis B₅, the sixth roller 280 f can rotate about a sixth axis B₆, and the seventh roller 280 g can rotate about a seventh axis B₇. Like the rollers 280 a-280 g, each of the axes B₁-B₇ can extend along the lateral direction 4. However, all of the axes B₁-B₇ can extend along any direction that is perpendicular to the vertical direction 6.

Each of the rollers 280 a-280 g can be configured to rotate through an angular rotational range about its respective axis B₁-B₇. This rotation can be driven by a rotation mechanism, such as the first and second rotation mechanisms 112 a, 112 b shown in FIGS. 9-10, though other types of rotation mechanisms are contemplated. As such, each of the rollers 280 a-280 g can be rotated in either of the first or second rotational directions R₁, R₂. The distribution system 234 can also include a gate 281 attached to the lower end 260 b of the hopper 260. A gap 283 can be defined between the gate 281 and the conveyor 279, in particular between the gate 281 and the first rollers 280 a, where select amounts of the material are configured to pass through the gap 283. The gate 281 can be movably connected to the hopper 260 and thus movable relative to the conveyor 279, which allows an operator of the distribution system 234 to adjust a size of the gap 283. The size of the gap 283 can be adjusted by raising or lowering the gate 281 so as to control the amount of material flowing through the gap 283 from the hopper 260.

In operation, the cavity 274 of the hopper 260 can be filled with material, such as a hot melt adhesive. In a distribution system 234 that includes a plurality of rollers 280 a-280 g, the material can rest on the upper side of the rollers 280 a-280 g before it is transferred to the distribution bin 282, which will be discussed below. Without any motion, the physical properties of the material can prevent the material from passing through the gap 283 defined between the gate 281 and the conveyor 279 or through the gaps defined between the rollers 280 a-280 g, and thus the supply of material bridges over the rollers 280 a-280 g. To transfer selective amounts of the material from the hopper 260 to the distribution bin 282, the first rotation mechanism 112 a can rotate the conveyor 279, which in an embodiment comprises the rollers 280 a-280 g, about their respective axes B₁-B₇. The clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the rollers 280 a-280 g agitates and fluidizes discrete amounts of the material, which then falls from the hopper 260 to the distribution bin 282. The speed at which the rollers 280 a-280 g rotate can be adjusted so as to increase or decrease the rate of fluidization of the material. Further, as noted above, the position of the gate 281 can be adjusted relative to the conveyor 279 to adjust the size of the gap 283.

Continuing with FIG. 16, the distribution bin 282 will be described in detail. The distribution bin 282 can be configured to receive and hold a supply of the material from the conveyor 279. As depicted, the distribution bin 282 can be integrally connected to the housing 238, though it is contemplated that they can be separate components. The distribution bin 282 is positioned below the hopper 260, such that the distribution bin 282 can receive material fluidized by the conveyor 279. The distribution bin 282 can include a sloped plate 284 at its bottom that guides the material transferred from the hopper 260 to one or more outlets 294 that are in communication with one or more of the melters. Though one outlet 294 is specifically shown, the distribution system 234 can include a plurality of outlets. The outlet 294 can be in fluid communication with a transfer pump 298 for pumping the material from the distribution bin 282, through the outlet 294, and to the respective melters.

As noted above, the distribution bin 282 can include a plate 284 configured to direct adhesive particulate toward the outlet 294. An agitation device 286 can be operatively coupled to the plate 284 for agitating material particulates disposed thereon so as to encourage flow of the material down the plate 284 and to the outlet 294. In the depicted embodiment, the agitation device 286 is coupled to the bottom of the plate 284, though other positions for the agitation device are contemplated. In some embodiments, the agitation device 286 may be configured to vibrate the plate 284, although other types of agitation may be used in other embodiments of the distribution bin 282.

Now referring to FIG. 17, another embodiment of a distribution system 334 will be discussed. The distribution system 334 includes an outer housing 338 that defines an internal space and a hopper 360 positioned in the internal space of the housing 338. The hopper 360 can extend from an upper end 360 a to a lower end 360 b opposite the upper end 360 a along the vertical direction 6. An opening 366 can be defined in the upper end 360 a for receiving the material and filling the hopper 360. The distribution system 334 can include a lid 364 coupled to the housing 338 for selectively providing access to the hopper 360 and covering the hopper opening 366. The upper end 360 a of the hopper 360 can have a first width W₃ measured along the lateral direction 4 and the lower end 360 b of the hopper 360 can have a second width W₄ measured along the lateral direction 4, where the second width W₄ is greater than the first width W₃. As such, the hopper 360 can taper outwards as it extends downward along the vertical direction 6. However, it is also contemplated that the upper end 360 a and the lower end 360 b can have similar widths, or the lower end 360 b can have a smaller width than the upper end 360 a, such that the hopper 360 tapers inwards as it extends downwards along the vertical direction 6.

The hopper 360 can define a cavity 374 therein for receiving the material through the opening 366 and storing the material. The distribution system 334 can include an agitation device 377 for agitating material particulates disposed within the hopper 360 so as to encourage flow of the material downwards within the cavity 374. In the depicted embodiment, the agitation device 377 is coupled to the outer surface of the hopper 360, though other positions for the agitation device are contemplated. In some embodiments, the agitation device 377 may be configured to vibrate the hopper 360 so as to provide vibrational energy to the material within the hopper 360, although other types of agitation may be used in other embodiments of the distribution system 334. The distribution system 334 can also include a level sensor 376 attached to the inner surface of the hopper 360 for sensing a level of the material in the hopper 360. The level sensor 376 can be in signal communication with the controller 30, such that an operator of the distribution system 334 can be notified in real time if the material level in the hopper 360 becomes depleted, or other parts of the application system 10 can be notified to automatically replenish the supply of material within the hopper 360.

Adjacent the lower end 360 b of the hopper 360, the distribution system 334 includes a conveyor 378. In the embodiment depicted in FIG. 9, the conveyor 378 includes a conveyor belt 379. The conveyor belt 379 can comprise a continuous belt that is translated about first and second wheels 380 a, 380 b, where each of the first and second wheels 380 a, 380 b engage an inner surface of the conveyor belt 379 and are disposed at opposite ends of the conveyor belt 379. Though two wheels 380 a, 380 b are shown, the conveyor 378 can include more or less than two wheels. For example, in other embodiments the conveyor 378 can include one wheel, three wheels, or four or more wheels. The first wheel 380 a can be configured to rotate about a first axis C₁, while the second wheel 380 b can be configured to rotate about a second axis C₂, where each of the axis C₁, C₂ can extend substantially along the lateral direction 4. The first and second wheels 380 a, 380 b can be configured to rotate about the respective first and second axis C₁, C₂ in either of the first or second rotational directions R₁, R₂ as desired. However, each of the axes C₁, C₂ can extend along any direction that is perpendicular to the vertical direction 6. One or both of the wheels 380 a, 380 b can be driven by a gear motor or other similar power source (not shown), and likewise transfer the rotation to the attached conveyor belt 379.

The distribution system 334 can also include a gate 381 attached to the lower end 360 b of the hopper 360. A gap 383 can be defined between the gate 381 and the conveyor 378, in particular between the gate 381 and the conveyor belt 379, where select amounts of the material are configured to pass through the gap 383. The gate 381 can be movably connected to the hopper 360 and thus movable relative to the conveyor 378, which allows an operator of the distribution system 334 to adjust a size of the gap 383. The size of the gap 383 can be adjusted by raising or lowering the gate 381 so as to control the amount of material flowing through the gap 383 from the hopper 360.

In operation, the cavity 374 of the hopper 360 can be filled with material, such as hot melt adhesive. In a distribution system 334 that includes a conveyor belt 379, the material can rest on the upper side of the conveyor belt 379 before it is transferred to the distribution bin 382, which will be discussed below. Without any motion, the physical properties of the material can prevent the material from passing through the gap 383 defined between the gate 381 and the conveyor belt 379, and thus the supply of material bridges over the gap 383. To transfer selective amounts of the material from the hopper 360 to the distribution bin 382, the first and second wheels 380 a, 380 b can rotate about their respective axes C₁, C₂ to translate the conveyor belt 379. Translation of the conveyor belt 379 agitates and fluidizes discrete amounts of the material along a shear plane S at the lower end 360 b of the hopper 360, which causes the fluidized material to translate with the conveyor belt 379 and through the gap 383. In the depicted embodiment, the shear plane S extends substantially perpendicular to the vertical direction 6, though this may differ in other embodiments. However, the shear plane S will generally be parallel to the upper surface of the conveyor belt 379. The speed at which the wheels 380 a, 380 b rotate can be adjusted, such that the conveyor belt 379 can be moved at a range of speeds to adjust the rate of fluidization of the material or to accommodate different types of amounts of material. Further, as noted above, the position of the gate 381 can be adjusted relative to the conveyor belt 379 to adjust the size of the gap 383. Though depicted as having a substantially smooth surface, the conveyor belt 379 can have a plurality of protrusions extending from its outer surface that allow the conveyor belt 379 to have greater traction on the material in the hopper 360.

Referring to FIG. 17, the distribution bin 382 will be described in detail. The distribution bin 382 can be configured to receive and hold a supply of the material from the conveyor belt 379. As depicted, the distribution bin 382 can be integrally connected to the housing 338, though it is contemplated that they can be separate components. The distribution bin 382 is positioned below the hopper 360, such that the distribution bin 382 can receive material fluidized by the conveyor belt 379. The distribution bin 382 can include a plate 384 at its bottom that guides the material transferred from the hopper 360 to one or more outlets 394 that are in communication with one or more melters 26 a-26 d. Though one outlet 394 is specifically shown, the distribution system 334 can include a plurality of outlets. The outlet 394 can be in fluid communication with a transfer pump 398 for pumping the material from the distribution bin 382 and through the outlet 394. In one embodiment, the transfer pump 398 can be a pneumatic transfer pump, though other types of suitable pumps are contemplated.

As noted above, the distribution bin 382 can include a plate 384 configured to direct adhesive particulate toward the outlet 394. An agitation device 386 can be operatively coupled to the plate 384 for agitating material particulates disposed thereon so as to encourage flow of the material down the plate 384 and to the outlet 394. In the depicted embodiment, the agitation device 386 is coupled to the bottom of the plate 384, though other positions for the agitation device are contemplated. In some embodiments, the agitation device 386 may be configured to vibrate the plate 384, although other types of agitation may be used in other embodiments of the distribution bin 382.

Now referring to FIG. 18, another embodiment of a distribution system 434 will be described. The distribution system 434 can have a hopper 460 that defines an opening 461 for receiving material. Unlike the distribution system 234, the distribution system 434 does not include a vacuum unit for providing material to the hopper. Instead, the distribution system 434 can include a lid 464 coupled to the hopper 460 for selectively providing access to the hopper 460 and covering the opening 461. The lid 464 can be coupled to the hopper 460 via a first hinge 468 a and a second hinge 468 b. The first and second hinges 468 a, 468 b can be configured to allow the lid 464 to selectively swing open and closed to cover and uncover the opening 461, thus allowing and preventing access to the opening 461 of the hopper 460. Though coupling to the hopper 460 via first and second hinges 468 a, 468 b is specifically shown, the lid 464 can be coupled to the hopper 460 via more or less than two hinges, or through other means as desired. The lid 464 can also be manually opened and closed via a handle 470 coupled to the lid 464.

The features of the above-described distribution systems 34, 234, 334, 434 in particular the conveyors 87, 279, 378, facilitate the selective fluidization and transfer of material, such as a hot melt adhesive, to a plurality of downstream melters. By directly engaging and acting upon a supply of the material within a hopper 60, 260, 360, 460 using rollers 88 a-88 h, 280 a-280 g or a conveyor belt 379, discrete amounts of the material can be selectively fluidized and transferred within the distribution systems 34, 234, 334, 434 while effectively breaking up clumps or other formations of the material or preventing these clumps from forming. This can lead to greater efficiency in pumping the material from the distribution systems 34, 234, 334. 434 and the prevention of clogging of downstream hoses and other components, as well as decreases in machine downtime, labor costs, and upkeep.

Now referring to FIGS. 19-26, a booster bin 500 of the application system 10″ will be described in detail. With reference to FIGS. 19-22, the booster bin 500 can include a vacuum unit 535 attached to an upper end of a housing 552 of the booster bin 500, which will be described further below. The vacuum unit 535 can include an entry hose 536 configured to connect to the transfer hose 19 that extends from the transfer bin 18, where the vacuum unit 535 is configured to allow material to be drawn through the transfer hose 19, through a channel 536 a defined by the entry hose 536, and into the vacuum unit 535. The vacuum unit 535 can comprise a housing 538, where the housing 538 defines a hollow rectangular box. As such, the housing 538 can include a front side 538 a, a rear side 538 b opposite the front side 538 a along the longitudinal direction 2, left side 538 c that extends from the front side 538 a to the rear side 538 b, and a right side 538 d opposite the left side 538 c along the lateral direction 4 that also extends from the front side 538 a to the rear side 538 b. The housing 538 can also include a top side 538 e that extends between each of the sides 538 a-538 d.

The housing 538 of the vacuum unit 535 can define a chamber 545 configured to receive the material entering the housing 538 through the entry hose 536 and store an amount of the material. The vacuum unit 535 can further include a vacuum pump 537 attached to the housing 538 at the top side 538 e and in communication with the chamber 545. The vacuum pump 537 can be configured to provide a vacuum force within the chamber 545 such that the material is pulled through the transfer hose 20 and into the chamber 545. The vacuum pump 537 can comprise an electrically-powered vacuum motor using an integrated turbine to create a suction force, though other types of vacuum pumps are contemplated. The vacuum unit 535 can include a filter 540 disposed within the chamber 545 adjacent the vacuum pump 537 so as to prevent material brought into the chamber 545 from being sucked into the vacuum pump 537, which would cause the vacuum pump 537 to operate poorly or completely malfunction. The vacuum unit 535 can also include a level sensor 539 attached to the housing 538. Though depicted as attached to the right side 538 d, it is contemplated that the level sensor 539 can be attached to any of the sides 538 a-538 d as desired. The level sensor 539 can be a capacitive sensor, though other types of level sensors are contemplated. In operation, the level sensor 539 can be configured to detect the level of material disposed within the chamber 545 of the vacuum unit 535. The level sensor 539 can be in signal communication with the controller 30, such that the level sensor 539 can send a signal to the controller 30 that is indicative of the measured material level within the chamber 545. The controller 30 can be configured to direct the vacuum pump 537 to pull material into the chamber 545 until the level sensor 539 detects a predetermined level of material within the chamber 545. Alternatively, the controller 30 can direct the vacuum pump 537 to pull material into the chamber 545 in a time-based pattern.

To allow material to transfer from the vacuum unit 535 to the hopper 560, the housing 538 can define an opening 546 at the bottom of the chamber 545 that allows the chamber 545 to be in fluid communication with the internal chamber 573 defined by the distribution bin 570 of the booster bin 500, where the distribution bin 570 will be described further below. To control the transfer of material from the vacuum unit 535 to the distribution bin 570, the booster bin 500 can include a trap door 541 configured to selectively cover the opening 546. Specifically, the trap door 541 can be configured to rotate about the longitudinal direction 2 to selectively cover the opening 546. However, in other embodiments, the trap door 541 can utilize other methods of movement, such as translation along any of the longitudinal, lateral, and vertical directions 2, 4, 6, rotation about an axis other than an axis along the longitudinal direction 2, etc.

To enable movement of the trap door 541, the booster bin 500 can include first and second hinges 542 a, 542 b that attach the trap door 541 to the housing 552. To move the trap door 541, a hydraulic cylinder 544 can be attached to the trap door 541 and the housing 552. The controller 30 can be in signal communication with the hydraulic cylinder 544 so as to instruct the hydraulic cylinder 544 to selectively translate so as to rotate the trap door 541 about the first and second hinges 542 a, 542 b. In operation, the trap door 541 is configured to transition between a closed position, where the trap door 541 covers the opening 546 to prevent material from falling from the chamber 545, and an open position, where the trap door 541 is rotated to as to be at least partially offset from the opening 546 to allow material to fall from the chamber 545 into the internal chamber 573. The controller 30 can automatically instruct the hydraulic cylinder 544 to transition the trap door 541 between the open and closed positions, or only do so upon receiving instructions from the operator via the HMI device of the controller 30. Additionally, the trap door 541 can be transitioned from the closed position to the open position based upon the level of material within the chamber 546 as sensed by the level sensor 539. In one embodiment, the trap door 541 is configured to transition from the closed position to the open position when the level sensor 539 detects that a level of the material within the chamber 545 reaches a predetermined level. The predetermined level can be input by the operator into the HMI device of the controller 30, or can be recalled from the memory of the controller 30 based upon the type of material being used, type of dispensing operation performed by the application system 10″, etc. Alternatively, the trap door 541 is configured to transition from the closed position to the open position based upon a time-based fill pattern utilized by the vacuum pump 537.

As stated above, the booster bin 500 can include a housing 552. The housing 552 can be supported by a frame 551, which can be supported by wheels so as to allow for easy movement of the booster bin 500. The housing 552 can define a substantially hollow body that is configured to receive a funnel 550 and the distribution bin 570. The funnel 550 can function as a transition for the material as it flows from the vacuum unit 535 to the distribution bin 570. The funnel 550 can have an upper end 550 a that is attached to the top of the frame 551, and a lower end 550 b opposite the upper end 550 a along the vertical direction 6 that is attached to the distribution bin 570. A passage 554 is defined through the funnel 550 from the upper end 550 a to the lower end 550 b to allow for the transfer of the material. The funnel 550 can comprise a flexible material, such as a fabric, which allows relative movement between the vacuum unit 535 and the distribution bin 570. The funnel 550 can taper inwards from the upper end 550 a to the lower end 550 b, thus guiding the material as it is transferred from the vacuum unit 535 to the distribution bin 570. However, it is contemplated that the funnel 550 can comprise different shapes and/or materials, or that the funnel 550 may not be included in the booster bin 500 at all, in which case the distribution bin 570 can be attached directly to the vacuum unit 535. The booster bin 500 can also include a window 530 comprising a transparent material that defines an upper portion of the housing 552, where the window 553 allows an operator of the application system 10″ to visually monitor the flow of material through the booster bin 500.

The distribution bin 570 is configured to receive and hold a supply of the material from the vacuum unit 535 and allow for the material to be selectively provided to one of the distribution systems 34, 234, 334, 434. As depicted, the distribution bin 570 is positioned within the booster bin 500 below the vacuum unit 535 and funnel 550. However, other positions for the distribution bin 570 are contemplated. The distribution bin 570 includes a housing 571, an inlet 572, an internal chamber 573 configured to receive the material from the vacuum unit 535, and at least one outlet. The housing 571 can define a substantially circular cross-section, which eliminates corners in which material can cluster and stagnate. Likewise, the internal chamber 573 defined by the housing 571 can define a substantially circular cross-section. The inlet 572 is open to the funnel 550 and is configured to receive the material from the vacuum unit 535 through the passage 554 of the funnel 550, while the internal chamber 573 is configured to receive the material through the inlet 572. After passing through the internal chamber 573, as will be described below, the material is provided to at least one outlet in fluid communication with at least one distribution system 34, 234, 334, 434. For example, the depicted distribution bin 570 includes a first outlet 574 a, a second outlet 574 b, a third outlet 574 c, and a fourth outlet 574 d. Though four outlets are specifically shown, the distribution bin 570 can include any number of outlets as desired. Further, in operation any combination of the outlets 574 a-574 d can be plugged or otherwise closed off, such that they prevent possible contamination of the material and remain unused in a particular dispensing operation. Each of the outlets 574 a-574 d can be in fluid communication with a transfer pump (not shown) for pumping the material from the distribution bin 570 through the outlets 574 a-574 d to distribution systems 34, 234, 334, 434.

The distribution bin 570 can include a filter element 576 attached to the housing 571 to filter ambient air and allow the filtered ambient air to enter the internal chamber 573 to promote more effective air flow within the distribution bin 570. The distribution bin 570 can also include a plate 580 surrounded by the housing 571 and configured to direct adhesive particulate contained therein toward the outlets 574 a-574 d. The plate 580 can define a lower end of the internal chamber 573, such that material falling into the distribution bin 570 from the vacuum unit 535 can be supported by the plate 580. The plate 580 can comprise a sloped portion 580 a and a lower portion 580 b, where the lower portion 580 b can be positioned adjacent the outlets 574 a-574 d, and the sloped portion 580 a can be angularly offset from the lower portion 580 b and extend upwards and longitudinally away from the lower portion 580 b. The sloped portion 580 a, due to its orientation, can be configured to direct the material to flow downwards to the lower portion 580 b. An agitation device 583 can be operatively coupled with the plate 580 and configured to transfer force to the plate 580 such that the plate agitates material particulates disposed thereon, which encourages flow of the material down the plate 580 and to the outlets 574 a-574 d. In the depicted embodiment, the agitation device 583 is coupled to the bottom of the plate 580, though other positions for the agitation device are contemplated. In some embodiments, the agitation device 583 may be configured to vibrate the plate 580, although other types of agitation may be used in other embodiments of the distribution bin 570.

The distribution bin 570 can further include a gasket 581 disposed around at least a portion of the plate 580 and positioned between plate 580 and the housing 571. The gasket 581 can be comprised of a substantially flexible and force-absorbing material, such that the gasket 581 is configured to absorb excess vibration created in the plate 580 by the agitation device 583 and prevent material from falling between the plate 580 and the housing 571. In addition to the gasket 581, the distribution bin 570 can include at least one bumper 582 attached to the bottom surface of the plate 580. Like the gasket 581, the at least one bumper 582 can be comprised of a substantially flexible and force-absorbing material. In the depicted embodiment, the distribution bin 570 includes three bumpers 582—two attached to the lower portion 582 b of the plate 580 and one attached to the sloped portion 582 a of the plate 580, though other configurations and number of bumpers 582 are contemplated. Together, the gasket 581 and the bumpers 582 are configured to prevent the plate 580 from transferring force created by the agitation device 583 to other components of the booster bin 500, thus preventing further wear or damage on any such components.

The distribution bin 570 can include a level sensor 591 for detecting the amount of material within the internal chamber 573 of the distribution bin 570. The level sensor 591 can be in wired and/or wireless communication with the controller 30 for communication of level readings from the level sensor 591. When the level sensor 591 detects the level of material within the distribution bin 570 is low, the controller 30 can direct the hydraulic cylinder 544 to open the trap door 541 so as to cause more of the material be transferred from the vacuum unit 535 to the distribution bin 570.

The distribution bin 570 can further include a flow control plate 585 attached to an inner surface of the housing 571. The flow control plate 585 can be configured as a flat, substantially planar metallic plate, though the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to such. The flow control plate 585 can extend laterally through the internal chamber 573 and can be spaced from the plate 580, and specifically the lower portion 580 b of the plate 580, so as to define a gap 590 between the flow control plate 585 and the plate 580. As a result, the flow control plate 585 can function to restrict the flow of material to the outlets 574 a-574 d of the distribution bin 570. In the depicted embodiment, the level sensor 591 is attached to the flow control plate 585. Alternatively, the level sensor 591 can be attached to the inner surface of the housing 571.

The flow control plate 585 can be movable along the vertical direction 6 so as to adjust the size of the gap 590. In the depicted embodiment, the distribution bin 570 can include a first pin 586 a attached to a first end of the flow control plate 585 and a second pin 586 b attached to the opposite end of the flow control plate 585. The first and second pins 586 a, 586 b can also extend through respective slots 587 defined by the housing 571. In one embodiment, the first and second pins 586 a, 586 b are attached to the plate by inserting portions of the first and second pins 586 a, 586 b through the respective slots 587 and threadedly attaching the first and second pins 586 a, 586 b to the flow control plate 585. However, other methods of attaching the first and second pins 586 a, 586 b to the flow control plate are contemplated. Each of the slots 587 can define elongated slots that extend substantially vertically through the housing 571, though other shapes and orientations of the slots 587 are contemplated. Each of the first and second pins 586 a, 586 b is configured to be selectively moved through the respective slot 587 so as to vertically move the flow control plate 585 within the internal chamber 573, thus adjusting the size of the gap 590. The force applied to the first and second pins 586 a, 586 b to make these adjustments can be applied to the first and second pins 586 a, 586 b external to the housing 571. This can be advantageous for the operator of the booster bin 500, as it allows the operator to easily, accurately, and manually make changes to the size of the gap 590 without disassembling or coming into contact with any of the internal features of the distribution bin 570. To secure the flow control plate 585 in a desired position, the housing 571 can define a plurality of notches 588 open to each of the slots 587. The notches 588 can be positioned vertically along the slots 587 in set increments, so as to correspond to defined sizes of the gaps 590. As such, the housing 571 can include external markings to inform the operator which gap sizes each of the notches 588 corresponds to. In operation, when each of the first and second pins 586 a, 586 b is moved through the corresponding slot 587 to a desired location, the operator can dispose the first and second pins 586 a, 586 b into respective ones of the notches 588 so as to secure the flow control plate 585 in the desired position.

The plate 580 can include a plurality of pins 589 extending upwards in the proximity of the end of the flow control plate 585. In the depicted embodiment, the plate 580, and particularly the lower portion 580 b of the plate 580, can have a single laterally-extending row of pins 589. Though pins having particular arrangements and lengths are shown, the plate 580 can include more pins, less pins, pins of different lengths, no pins, etc. The pins 589 can function to, along with the vibration/agitation generated by the agitation device 583, divide the flow of material within the distribution bin 570 so as to break apart clumps of coalesced and/or stuck together material particulates before delivery to the outlets 574 a-574 d. In operation, the material received by the internal chamber 573 can be directed along the sloped portion 580 a of the plate 580, past the pins 589, through the gap 590, to the lower portion 580 b of the plate 580, and to the outlets 574 a-574 d. Once provided to the outlets 574 a-574 d, the material can be conveyed through the outlets 574 a-574 d by respective pumps to a corresponding one of the melters.

While various inventive aspects, concepts and features of the inventions may be described and illustrated herein as embodied in combination in the exemplary embodiments, these various aspects, concepts and features may be used in many alternative embodiments, either individually or in various combinations and sub-combinations thereof. Unless expressly excluded herein all such combinations and sub-combinations are intended to be within the scope of the present inventions. Still further, while various alternative embodiments as to the various aspects, concepts, and features of the inventions—such as alternative materials, structures, configurations, methods, circuits, devices and components, software, hardware, control logic, alternatives as to form, fit and function, and so on—may be described herein, such descriptions are not intended to be a complete or exhaustive list of available alternative embodiments, whether presently known or later developed. Those skilled in the art may readily adopt one or more of the inventive aspects, concepts or features into additional embodiments and uses within the scope of the present inventions even if such embodiments are not expressly disclosed herein. Still further, exemplary or representative values and ranges may be included to assist in understanding the present disclosure; however, such values and ranges are not to be construed in a limiting sense and are intended to be critical values or ranges only if so expressly stated. Descriptions of exemplary methods or processes are not limited to inclusion of all steps as being required in all cases, nor is the order that the steps are presented to be construed as required or necessary unless expressly so stated.

While the invention is described herein using a limited number of embodiments, these specific embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention as otherwise described and claimed herein. The precise arrangement of various elements and order of the steps of articles and methods described herein are not to be considered limiting. For instance, although the steps of the methods are described with reference to sequential series of reference signs and progression of the blocks in the figures, the method can be implemented in a particular order as desired. 

1. A bin for storing and conveying a supply of material, the bin comprising: a housing defining an internal chamber configured to receive the material; at least one outlet configured to direct the material from the bin; a plate defining a lower end of the internal chamber and configured to support the material and direct the material to the at least one outlet; an agitation device attached to the plate, wherein the agitation device is configured to transfer force to the plate such that the plate agitates the material within the internal chamber; and a gate attached to the lower end of the internal chamber so as to define a gap between the gate and a conveyor configured to allow the material to pass through, wherein the gate is movable relative to the conveyor so as to adjust a size of the gap.
 2. The bin of claim 1, further comprising: at least one bumper attached to a bottom surface of the plate, wherein the at least one bumper is configured to prevent the plate from transferring force to other components of the bin.
 3. The bin of claim 1, further comprising: a flow control plate attached to the housing, wherein a gap is defined between the flow control plate and the plate.
 4. The bin of claim 3, further comprising: a level sensor attached to the plate, wherein the level sensor is configured to detect a level of the material within the internal chamber.
 5. The bin of claim 3, further comprising: at least one pin attached to the flow control plate and extending through at least one slot defined by the housing, wherein the at least one pin is configured to be selectively moved through the at least one slot under a force applied to the at least one pin external to the housing so as to selectively adjust a size of the gap.
 6. The bin of claim 1, further comprising a vacuum pump configured to pull material from a bulk supply and to the internal chamber through an entry hose.
 7. The bin of claim 6, further comprising: a trap door configured to transition between 1) a closed position, where the trap door covers an opening defined at the lower end of the internal chamber to prevent the material from falling from the internal chamber of the vacuum pump; and 2) an open position, where the trap door is at least partially offset from the opening to allow material to fall from the internal chamber.
 8. The bin of claim 7, wherein the vacuum pump further comprises a level sensor, wherein the trap door is configured to transition from the closed position to the open position when the level sensor detects that a level of the material within the internal chamber exceeds a threshold.
 9. The bin of claim 6, further comprising: a funnel defining an upper end, a lower end opposite the upper end, and a passage extending through the funnel from the upper end to the lower end, wherein the funnel is configured to receive the material from the vacuum pump. 10-28. (canceled)
 29. The bin of claim 1, further comprising: a gasket disposed between the plate and the housing, wherein the gasket is configured to prevent the plate from transferring force to other components of the bin.
 30. The bin of claim 1, wherein the plate defines at least one passage extending therethrough and wherein the plate defines a lower portion adjacent the at least one outlet and a sloped portion, wherein the sloped portion is angularly offset from the lower portion and configured to direct the material to flow downwards to the lower portion, wherein the at least one passage extends through the lower portion of the plate, the bin further comprising: a manifold positioned below the plate, wherein the manifold is configured to direct pressurized air through the at least one passage so as to move the material within the internal chamber.
 31. The bin of claim 30, further comprising: a manifold positioned below the plate, wherein the manifold is configured to direct pressurized air through the at least one passage so as to move the material within the internal chamber.
 32. A bin for storing and conveying a supply of material, the bin comprising: a housing defining an internal chamber configured to receive the material; at least one outlet configured to direct the material from the bin; a plate defining a lower end of the internal chamber and configured to support the material, wherein the plate defines at least one passage extending therethrough and wherein the plate defines a lower portion adjacent the at least one outlet and a sloped portion, wherein the sloped portion is angularly offset from the lower portion and configured to direct the material to flow downwards to the lower portion, wherein the at least one passage extends through the lower portion of the plate; and a manifold positioned below the plate, wherein the manifold is configured to direct pressurized air through the at least one passage so as to move the material within the internal chamber.
 33. The bin of claim 32, further comprising: an agitation device attached to the plate, wherein the agitation device is configured to transfer force to the plate such that the plate agitates the material within the internal chamber; a gasket disposed between the plate and the housing; and at least one bumper attached to a bottom surface of the plate, wherein the gasket and the at least one bumper are configured to prevent the plate from transferring force to other components.
 34. The bin of claim 32, further comprising: a level sensor attached to the plate, wherein the level sensor is configured to detect a level of the material within the internal chamber.
 35. The bin of claim 34, further comprising: a flow control plate and at least one pin attached to the flow control plate and extending through at least one slot defined by the housing, wherein the at least one pin is configured to be selectively moved through the at least one slot under a force applied to the at least one pin external to the housing so as to selectively adjust a size of a gap.
 36. The bin of claim 32, further comprising a vacuum pump configured to pull material from a bulk supply and to the internal chamber through an entry hose.
 37. The bin of claim 36, further comprising: a trap door configured to transition between 1) a closed position, where the trap door covers an opening defined at the lower end of the internal chamber to prevent the material from falling from the internal chamber of the vacuum pump; and 2) an open position, where the trap door is at least partially offset from the opening to allow material to fall from the internal chamber.
 38. The bin of claim 37, wherein the vacuum pump further comprises a level sensor, wherein the trap door is configured to transition from the closed position to the open position when the level sensor detects that a level of the material within the internal chamber exceeds a threshold.
 39. The bin of claim 36, further comprising: a funnel defining an upper end, a lower end opposite the upper end, and a passage extending through the funnel from the upper end to the lower end, wherein the funnel is configured to receive the material from the vacuum pump.
 40. A bin for storing and conveying a supply of material, the bin comprising: a housing defining an internal chamber configured to receive the material; at least one outlet configured to direct the material from the bin; a plate defining a lower end of the internal chamber and configured to support the material, wherein the plate defines at least one passage extending therethrough; a manifold positioned below the plate, wherein the manifold is configured to direct pressurized air through the at least one passage so as to move the material within the internal chamber; and a flow control plate attached to the housing, wherein a gap is defined between the flow control plate and the plate.
 41. The bin of claim 40, further comprising: an agitation device attached to the plate, wherein the agitation device is configured to transfer force to the plate such that the plate agitates the material within the internal chamber; a gasket disposed between the plate and the housing; and at least one bumper attached to a bottom surface of the plate, wherein the gasket and the at least one bumper are configured to prevent the plate from transferring force to other components.
 42. The bin of claim 40, further comprising: a level sensor attached to the plate, wherein the level sensor is configured to detect a level of the material within the internal chamber.
 43. The bin of claim 42, further comprising: at least one pin attached to the flow control plate and extending through at least one slot defined by the housing, wherein the at least one pin is configured to be selectively moved through the at least one slot under a force applied to the at least one pin external to the housing so as to selectively adjust a size of the gap.
 44. The bin of claim 40, further comprising a vacuum pump configured to pull material from a bulk supply and to the internal chamber through an entry hose.
 45. The bin of claim 44, further comprising: a trap door configured to transition between 1) a closed position, where the trap door covers an opening defined at the lower end of the internal chamber to prevent the material from falling from the internal chamber of the vacuum pump; and 2) an open position, where the trap door is at least partially offset from the opening to allow material to fall from the internal chamber.
 46. The bin of claim 45, wherein the vacuum pump further comprises a level sensor, wherein the trap door is configured to transition from the closed position to the open position when the level sensor detects that a level of the material within the internal chamber exceeds a threshold.
 47. The bin of claim 44, further comprising: a funnel defining an upper end, a lower end opposite the upper end, and a passage extending through the funnel from the upper end to the lower end, wherein the funnel is configured to receive the material from the vacuum pump. 